Cabrillo Marine Aquarium
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Creature Feature


Football Fish
Himantolophus sagamius

Cabrillo Marine Museum Chief Aquarist Lloyd Ellis knew he had a neat surprise coming when on January 3, 1990 San Pedro fisherman Greg Boy brought in a black five-gallon bucket and said "there's a strange fish frozen solid in this bucket." Lloyd knew that if a fisherman found the fish strange, it had to truly be strange. Over the next two days, as the ice in the bucket melted, it revealed a beautiful specimen of a football fish (Himantolophus sagamius). After searching the literature, staff found that this was the tenth and largest specimen ever recorded for the species.
 
Normally found in the dark depths of the ocean, the football fish may not come across a meal very often, so it has a large mouth and extendible stomach to swallow live prey almost as big as itself. The prey is drawn near by the bioluminescent lures at the tips of a fishing-pole-like projection from the football fish's head. Finding a mate may also be difficult in the dark, so football fish, like many of their anglerfish relatives, have small males that bite onto the body of a female. Their skin grows together at which time the male becomes parasitic. The female provides nutrients and oxygen to the attached male. Football fish reproductive behavior makes one think of marriage vows, "till death to us part." When the female's eggs need to be fertilized, the parasitic male is right there to provide the sperm.
 
This specimen was carefully mounted in a tank filled with preservative and put on display in the open-ocean exhibit gallery where it is to this day. It's a great example of the help local fishermen have given to CMM and CMA over the years by providing unusual specimens that the sea reveals.


- Mike Schaadt, CMA Director
 

Southern California Species


The Cabrillo Marine Aquarium is home to more than 200 species of animals that live in and around the waters of Southern California. Do you have a question about these and other Southern California species? Ask a Biologist.


Abalone  
Haliotis sp.

Young abalone with a shell size of less than 3 cm take shelter within the spines of sea urchins for protection.

Bat Sea Star  
Asterina miniata

When two bat stars bump into each other they begin a slow-motion “arm wrestling” match. Each sea star tries to get its arm on top of the other’s arm.

Black-crowned Night Heron   
Nycticorax nycticorax

Black-crowned night herons feed at night in the same areas that other heron species feed in the day.

Bluebanded Goby  
Lythrypnus dalli

These peaceful fish are often territorial with members of their own species.

Brown Pelican  
Pelecanus occidentalis

The brown pelican is the smallest of all pelicans and is the only one that plunges from the air into the water to catch its food.

California Brown Sea Hare  
Aplysia californica

Each Sea hare may lay up to eighty million eggs. However, most of the eggs are eaten by predators.

California Mussel  
Mytilus californianus

While feeding, a mussel filters 2 to 3 quarts of water per hour.

California Sea Lion   
Zalophus californianus

Sea lions use their long front flippers to steer and propel themselves through the water.

Cooper of the Sea  
Phronima sedentaria

The eyes of this amphipod are so large that they make up nearly a quarter of the entire body.

Eel Grass  
Zostera marina

Eel grass is a true plant (not a seaweed) and is one of the few flowering plants that grow in the ocean.

Fiddler Crab  
Uca crenulata

Males have a large claw that they wave back and forth like a fiddler.

Garibaldi  
Hypsypops rubicundus

Garibaldi is the California State marine fish.

Garibaldi, juvenile  
Hypsypops rubicundus

Garibaldi is the California State marine fish.

Giant Kelp  
Macrocystis pyrifera

Under ideal conditions, giant kelp can grow about two feet a day.

Giant Sea Bass  
Stereolepis gigas

This fish is huge, growing over 7.5 feet long and weighing over 500 pounds.

Gooseneck Barnacles  
Pollicipes polymerus

Gooseneck barnacles can live 20 years or more.

Green Sea Anemone   
Anthopleura xanthogrammica

Some fishes develop resistance to the green anemone's sting by covering themselves with mucus.

Hermit Crab  
Pagurus sp.

Hermit crabs protect their rear ends by hiding it in a snail shell.

Leopard Shark  
Triakis semifasciata

Leopard sharks are bottom feeders and are named because of their stripes.

Lobster  
Panulirus interruptus

California Lobsters do not have front claws.

Mantis Shrimp  
Hemisquilla ensigera

Mantis shrimp are not true shrimp, but get their name because of their appearance.

Moray Eel  
Gymnothorax mordax

This eel's favorite prey is the octopus.

Norris' Top Snail  
Norrisia norrisi

These snails travel up and down kelp every day.

Ochre Sea Star  
Pisaster ochraceous

These sea stars are able to digest their prey outside of their bodies.

Pacific Hagfish  
Eptatretus stoutii

Hagfish are considered to be the most primitive species of all living fish.

Pacific Mackerel  
Scomber japonicus

The Pacific mackerel is also known as the chub mackerel or blue mackerel.

Pacific Sardine  
Sardinops sagax

The Pacific sardine form large schools of up to 10 million fish.

Purple Sea Urchin  
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Sea urchins have tube feet, which they use for attachment, locomotion and feeding.

Salema  
Xenistius californiensis

These fish have an up-turned mouth to better eat plankton.

Sand Dollar  
Dendraster excentricus

You can't spend these dollars, they are relatives to sea stars.

Sheephead  
Semicossyphus pulcher

All sheephead fish are born girls.

Striped Shore Crab   
Pachygrapsus crassipes

The striped shore crab spends at least half its time on land, but submerges at times to wet its gills.

Two-Spotted Octopus  
Octopus bimaculoides

Octopus are very smart and have well-developed eyes.

Willet   
Tringa semipalmata

The willet is very territorial and will aggressively defend their nesting and feeding territory.


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